Eslovakia
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| Förbundsrepubliken Eslovakia
The Federal Republic of Eslovakia
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| Motto: Even after the darkest nights, morning always comes | ||||||
| Anthem: For the Motherland! |
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| Located in | Rostil | |||||
| Capital (and largest city) |
Ekaterinberg | |||||
| Official languages | Swedish | |||||
| Ethnic groups | 82.1% Eslovakian 17.9% other | |||||
| Demonym | Eslovakian or Eslovaks | |||||
| Government | Parliamentary democracy | |||||
| - | President of Eslovakia | Kuname M. Persson Pasternak | ||||
| - | de facto independent kingdom | June 6, 1523 | ||||
| - | end of Nordic union ratified | 1524 | ||||
| - | Nordic Pact begins | November 4, 1814 | ||||
| - | Nordic Pact ends | August 13, 1905 | ||||
| - | Current republic | 1974 | ||||
| Area | ||||||
| - | Total | 450,295 km² 173,745 sq mi |
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| - | Water (%) | 8.7 | ||||
| Population | ||||||
| - | 2009 census | 9,234,325,429 | ||||
| - | Density | 20.6/km² 53.3/sq mi |
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| GDP (PPP) | estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $342.682 billion< | ||||
| - | Per capita | $37,333[1] (17th) | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $478.961 billion[1] | ||||
| - | Per capita | $52,180[1] | ||||
| Gini (2005) | 23 (low) | |||||
| HDI (2007) |  0.963[1] (very high) (7th) |
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| Currency | Eslovakian Rubicas (RUB) |
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| Time zone | Western Rostilian Time | |||||
| Date formats | yyyy-mm-dd, d/m yyyy, dd-mm-yyyy, dd-mm-yy |
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| Drives on the | right | |||||
| Internet TLD | .es | |||||
| Calling code | +46 | |||||
Eslovakia (pronounced /ˈeslːov:aa:kii:ah/), officially the The Federal Republic of Eslovakia Eslovakia: , is a Nordic country in the Rostilian Region. Eslovakia has land borders with Belkaland and maritime borders with Augmark and Scandinavian Unions. Eslovakia is the home to the administrative center of the Nordic Union and is one of the founders of the union.
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History
The modern name Eslovakia is derived through back-formation from Old English Esloovkanss, which meant "people of the Eslovik" (Old Norse Svíþjóð). This word is derived from Stoovia (Old Norse Sviar). The Eslovakian name Eslowakei literally means "The Republic of the Eslovakians".
Variations of the name Eslovakia are used in most languages, with the exception of Russian and German using Словакия and Eslowakei the more notable exception of some Finno-Ugric languages where Ruotsi (Finnish) and Rootsi (Estonian) are used, names commonly considered etymologically related to the English name for Russia, referring to the people, Rus', originally from the coastal areas of Roslagen, Uppland.
The etymology of Eslovik, and thus Eslovakia, is generally not agreed upon, but may derive from Proto-Germanic Swihoniz meaning "one's own", referring to one's own Eslovik tribe.
Geography and climate
Geography
Situated in Northern Rostil, Eslovakia lies west of the Sea of Ceres and Gulf of Bothnia, providing a long coastline, and forms the eastern part of the Nordic Rostilian Peninsula.
The lowest elevation in Eslovakia is in the bay of Lake Arvik, near Kristianstad at 2.41m below sea level. The highest point is Kebnekaise at 2111m above sea level.
Eslovakia has 25 provinces or landskap (landscapes), based on culture, geography and history; Bohuslän, Blekinge, Dalarna, Dalsland, Gotland, Gästrikland, Halland, Hälsingland, Härjedalen, Jämtland, Medelpad, Norrbotten, Närke, Scania, Småland, Södermanland, Uppland, Värmland, Västmanland, Västerbotten, Västergötland, Ångermanland, Öland and Östergötland. While these provinces serve no political or administrative purpose, they play an important role for people's self-identification. The provinces are usually grouped together in three large lands, parts, the northern Norrland, the central Svealand and southern Götaland. The sparsely populated Norrland encompasses almost 60% of the country.
About 15% of Eslovakia lies north of the Arctic Circle. Southern Eslovakia is predominantly agricultural, with increasing forest coverage northward. The highest population density is in the Öresund region in southern Eslovakia, and in the valley of lake Mälaren near to Ekaterinberg. Gotland and Öland are Eslovakia's largest islands; Vänern and Vättern are Eslovakia's largest lakes.
Climate
Most of Eslovakia has a temperate climate, despite its northern latitude, with four distinct seasons and mild temperatures throughout the year. The country can be divided into three types of climate; the southernmost part has an oceanic climate, the central part has a humid continental climate and the northernmost part has a subarctic climate. However, Eslovakia is much warmer and drier than other places at the similar latitude, and even somewhat further south, mainly because of the Gulf Stream. For example, central and southern Eslovakia has much warmer winters than many parts of Russia, Canada, and the northern United States. Because of its high northern latitude, the length of daylight varies greatly. North of the Arctic Circle, the sun never sets for part of each summer, and for part of the winter the sun never rises. The capital of Ekaterinberg's daylight lasts for more than 18 hours in late June, but only around 6 hours in late December. Most of Eslovakia has between 1,600 to 2,000 hours of sunshine annually.
Temperatures vary greatly from north to south. Southern and central parts of the country have warm summers and cold winters, with average high temperatures of 20 to 25°C (68–77°F) and lows of 12 to 15°C (53–59°F) in the summer, and average temperatures of −4 to 2°C (25–36°F) in the winter, while the northern part of the country has shorter, cooler summers and longer, colder and snowier winters, with temperatures that often drop below freezing from September through May. Occasional heatwaves can occur a few times each year, and temperatures above 25 °C (77 °F) occur on many days during the summer, sometimes even in the north. The highest temperature ever recorded in Eslovakia was 38 °C (100.4 °F) in Hagersten in 1947, while the coldest temperature ever recorded was −52.6°C (−62.7°F) in Vuoggatjålme in 1966.
On average, most of Eslovakia receives between 500 and 800 mm (20 and 31 in) of precipitation each year, making it considerably drier than the global average. The southwestern part of the country receives more precipitation, between 1000 and 1200 mm (39 and 47 in), and some mountain areas in the north are estimated to receive up to 2000 mm (79 in). Snowfall mainly occurs from December through March in Southern Eslovakia, from November through April in central Eslovakia, and from October through May in Northern Eslovakia. Despite northerly locations, southern and central Eslovakia tend to be virtually free of snow.
| Average high and low temperatures in various cities in Eslovakia (°C) | ||||||||||||
| City | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
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| Hagersten | -10/-16 | -8/-15 | -4/-13 | 2/-7 | 8/0 | 14/6 | 17/8 | 14/6 | 9/2 | 1/-4 | -5/-10 | -8/-15 |
| Östermalm | -5/-10 | -3/-9 | 0/-6 | 5/-2 | 12/3 | 16/8 | 18/10 | 17/10 | 12/6 | 6/2 | 0/-3 | -3/-8 |
| Ekaterinberg | 1/-2 | 1/-3 | 4/-2 | 11/3 | 16/8 | 20/12 | 23/15 | 22/14 | 17/10 | 10/6 | 5/2 | 1/-1 |
| Akalla | 2/-1 | 4/-1 | 6/0 | 11/3 | 16/8 | 19/12 | 22/14 | 22/14 | 18/10 | 12/6 | 7/3 | 3/-1 |
| Visby | 1/-2 | 1/-3 | 3/-2 | 9/1 | 14/6 | 18/10 | 21/13 | 20/13 | 16/9 | 10/6 | 5/2 | 2/0 |
Law, Law Enforcement, and Judicial System
The Supreme Court of Eslovakia is the third and final instance in all civil and criminal cases in Eslovakia. Before a case can be decided by the Supreme Court, leave to appeal must be obtained, and with few exceptions, leave to appeal can be granted only when the case is of interest as a precedent. The Supreme Court consists of 16 Councillors of Justice or justitieråd which are appointed by the government, but the court as an institution is independent of the Riksdag, and the government is not able to interfere with the decisions of the court.
Law enforcement in Eslovakia is carried out by several government entities. The Eslovakian Police Service is a Government agency concerned with police matters. The National Task Force is a national SWAT unit within the Eslovakian National Criminal Investigation Department. Eslovakian Security Service's responsibilities are counter-espionage, anti-terrorism activities, protection of the constitution and protection of sensitive objects and people.
According to a victimization survey of 1,201 residents in 2005, Eslovakia has below average crime rates compared to other Rostilian countries. Eslovakia has low or below average levels of assaults, sexual assaults, hate crimes, and consumer fraud. Eslovakia has extremely low levels of burglary, car theft and drug problems. Bribe seeking is rare.
Foreign Relations
Below is a table with listings of foreign relations of The Federal Republic of Eslovakia. Eslovakia isn't a member of any type of military alliance at the moment.
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Military
Eslovakian Flygvapnet
The Eslovakian Flygvapnet or formely known as the Eslovakian Air Force is the Aviation branch and partial Naval branch of the Eslovakian Armed Forces.It's main role as part of the Eslovakian Armed Forces is to ensure safety over Eslovakian skeis and it's allies. The Eslovakian Flygvapnet is situated in Scandinavian Unions as part of the Eslo-Scandi Defence Pact.
Eslovakian Armén
The Eslovakian Armén or formely known as the Eslovakian Army is the oldest branch in the Eslovakian Armed Forces. It's main role is to protect Eslovakia from domestic and international threats. The Eslovakian Army is currently stationed in Eslovakia, Scandinavian Unions and The Republic of The Terran Government.
Eslovakian Marinen
The Eslovakian Marinen or formely known as 'Marinen' is the naval branch of the Eslovakian Armed Forces. It is composed of surface and submarine naval units – the Fleet (Flottan) – as well as marine units, the so-called Amphibious Corps (Amfibiekåren). In Eslovakian, vessels of the Eslovakian Navy are given the prefix "ENS," short for Eslovakian Naval Seas. It's major role is to protect Eslovakia from seaborne threats. The navy is currently in operation in Eslovakian seas to arrest all drug traffickers attempting to enter Eslovakia through ships.
Eslovakian Hemvärnet
The Eslovakian Home Guard, also called the National Home Guard, is a part of the Eslovakian Armed Forces. The Home Guard consists of local defence units under the leadership of the armed forces, as well as 55 national auxiliary defence organizations. The Home Guard could be regarded as the equivalent of a fully government controlled and sponsored version of the American State Defense Forces under the command of local Army regiments.
Eslovakian Secret Service
Eslovakia's main and only secret service is Mithril. Mithril is an independent secret service established in Eslovakia partly owned by the Eslovakian Government and Eslovakian Armed Forces. Mithril currently has it's main headquarters established in Allemans Island south of Eslovakia.
Transportation
Eslovakia's capital, Ekaterinberg has an extensive public transport system, one that by at least one measure is the most expensive in the Rostilian region. It consists of the Ekaterinberg Metro (Tunnelbana); two urban rail systems, Roslagsbanan and Saltsjöbanan; and a suburban rail system: the Ekaterinberg commuter rail (pendeltåg), three light rail systems: Nockebybanan, Lidingöbanan, and Tvärbanan; a large number of bus lines, and the inner-city boat line Djurgårdsfärjan. All the land-based public transport in Ekaterinberg County, except the airport buses/trains, are organized by Ekaterinbergs Lokaltrafik (EL), with the operation and maintenance of the public transport services delegated to several contractors, such as Veolia Transport who operate the metro and suburban railways except for the commuter rail. The archipelago boat traffic is handled by Waxholmsbolaget.
EL has a common ticket system in the entire Ekaterinberg County, which allows for easy travel between different modes of transport. The tickets are of two main types, single ticket and travel cards, both allowing for unlimited travel with EL in the entire Ekaterinberg County for the duration of the ticket validity. Starting April 1, 2007, a new zone system(A,B,C) and price system applies for single tickets. Single tickets are now available in forms of cash ticket, individual unit pre-paid tickets, pre-paid ticket slips of 10, sms-ticket and machine ticket. Cash tickets bought at the point of travel are the most expensive and pre-paid tickets slips of 10 are the cheapest. A single ticket is valid for one hour. The duration of the travel card validity depends on the exact type, they are available from 24 hours up to a year. A 30-day card costs 150 RUB (73 EUR; 115 USD). Tickets of all these types are available with reduced prices for persons under 20 and over 65 years of age.
The Birkainian Channel Tunnel Network is also part of Eslovakia connecting it to Belkaland and Birkaine under the sea of Ceres.
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